Fine start to #FishyFriday in Newlyn.

Who you looking at?..

on this fine morning...

one of our boxes is missing...

plenty of fish from every type of boat tis morning keeping yan busy...

including those snaky congers...

thornback ray...

and scallops galore...

two historic views from the market, looking east, the Star Inn - home of the world's first trans-oceanic voyage by a fishing boat from where the Newlyn fishing boat Mystery sailed on this day in 1855 "Star Inn on Newlyn’s Wharfside explains why the seven young men hatched the audacious plan of embarking on the long hazardous voyage to Australia. John Sullivan and his wife Mary Kelynack were landlords of the Star. Both had visited Australia and spoke in glowing terms about its opportunities. The seven young men were shareholders in the Newlyn-built fishing lugger, Mystery (PZ 233) at a time when fishing did not pay its way."

looking west, the Ice Works and the sadly, now shut Newlyn Market Cafe...

back with the fish and it's yet anther solitary cod...

flats are another matter with the beam trawlers bringing in plenty plaice...

and Dovers...

along with monk tails...

and megrims...

and a few haddock...

while scad were picked up by the Silver Dawn...

and the Guardian a mix of ray and cuttles...

inshore trawler on fit-out...

on a big tide near high water...

visiting Brixham beamers from Brixham ...

and Plymouth are keeping harbour staff busy...

as they all vie for quay berths to land

when things will be even more tight next week as the first of the Scottish prawn fleet are due to arrive from this Sunday...

Danny and his crew have spent all week on the quay mending...

and they were not alone. The end of the sardine season is nigh!

 

Parliamentary Focus on Recruitment and Labour in the UK’s Fishing and Seafood Sector

Parliamentary Focus on Recruitment and Labour in the UK’s Fishing and Seafood Sector 

 

As an island, surrounded by some of the most productive seas in the North East Atlantic, fishing has long formed the lifeblood of coastal communities in the UK – offering livelihoods at sea and onshore, contributing to local economies and culture, and providing healthy food for populations. Over the past five decades, the context within which the UK’s fishing industry operates has changed dramatically. In response, the industry has worked to evolve and meet sustainability objectives in support of future, thriving fisheries. Social sustainability, alongside ecological sustainability, is a key issue for the sector.

Top of that agenda, recruitment and retention have been cited as major challenges facing the industry, as well as the wider seafood sector. Impacting the sustainability of the sector, this issue has implications for the social resilience of fishing and coastal communities. With a greying fleet, the number of UK fishers has fallen by 1,700 over the past decade. Traditional training and recruitment pathways – from father to son; deckhand to skipper – are broken in many places. Unattractive or unavailable to new-entrants, entry to the sector is costly,; training opportunities limited, and opportunities elsewhere seen as more attractive. The issue is felt along the length of the supply chain.

In this context, the seafood sector – as with other sectors in the economy – has become increasingly reliant on labour from outside of the UK. However, concerns have arisen about the conditions faced by migrant workers and the risk of exploitation facing those who come to the UK to work, particularly out at sea onboard fishing vessels. Efforts have been made by industry to address these concerns, and ensure the welfare of crews working onboard fishing vessels. At the same time, legislative measures relating to migrant workers and those aimed at safeguarding crew welfare have been deemed inappropriate by both industry representatives and civil society organisations, with problems relating to skilled worker visas, alongside the use of transit visas, highlighted by both. Reputational damage to the industry has a reverberating effect on its attractiveness to new entrants at home.

With the Employment Rights Bill currently before Parliament and issues surrounding recruitment and retention to the industry set as a backdrop, the the APPG on Fisheries will host two parliamentary sessions on the challenges surrounding labour facing both the catching and processing sectors – a parliamentary roundtable meeting, followed by a public seminar on:

Wednesday 26.03: 13:00-15:00 (Parliamentary Roundtable)

Wednesday 02.04: 13:30-15:00 (Open Parliamentary Seminar)

Providing an opportunity for constructive dialogue on these cross-cutting challenges, as part of the discussion we will hear of recent efforts to address these issues. Together we will discuss ongoing issues, alongside measures needed from industry, civil society and government to chart a way forward that is attuned to the practicalities of fishing, and at the same time affords adequate rights and protections for all fishers, whilst also ensuring fishing is an attractive career prospect for workers both within and beyond the UK.

Manging the Cornish crawfish fishery - can we learn from the French?

Back in the 1970s there was an incredible crawfish fishery in the south west - it involved crawfish being caught by tangle nets and by divers - from the Isles of Scilly to Wales. By the end of the 70s the fishery had all but died out through overfishing - crawfish take years to reach maturity and the stock simply couldn't reproduce fast enough. It took until a few years ago for the number of crawfish to increase to a fishable level.

Today, Defra and the MMO are responsible for managing to stocks of UK fishes, including the crawfish - are they doing enough - some fisherman think not.

This post inlcudes the toughts of one such fisherman and the findings of two reports, one from IFCA based on the Ilsles of Scilly fishery, the other a huge project over an extended period that was undertaken off Brittany.

Here is the executive summary from the Isles of Scilly Stock Status Report 2023: 

European spiny lobster carried out on behalf of IFCA. 

The European spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas), referred to as ‘crawfish’ throughout this report, is distributed across the Southwest of the UK,along the west coast of Ireland and into Scotland. A large number inhabit rocky ground in the Isles of Scilly Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authority’s (IoSIFCA) District. The crawfish fishery in the Isles of Scilly accounted for 12 percent of total fish landings in 2022 and is currently targeted by 60% of boats in the fleet. Landings have increased by 275% in the past 4 years, with yearly value increasing by 241%, from just under £67,000 in 2019 to £162,000 in 2022. 

Crawfish are an omnivorous crustacean, with a wide-ranging global distribution in northern temperate waters in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. They live in reef habitats at depths ranging from 15 to 90 metres. They have a long planktonic larval phase which lasts ~ 9 months in the Atlantic before settling. It is believed they take around 7-8 years to become sexually mature, however data on growth and settlement is lacking in the Atlantic populations. Studies have found individuals mostly remain within a few kilometres of their home reef, however some undertake long distance movements. The reasons for this are still unclear. 

Crawfish are a non-quota, commercially valuable species. There has been a targeted fishery for over 100 years, which saw a collapse in the late 1900’s across its range.(2013), due to reductions in the population based on historical abundance and exploitation levels. The Isles of Scilly crawfish fishery was first recorded in the 1920’s, with overfishing depleting the population in the 1920’s and 1950’s. The species has been slowly recovering throughout South West England. Landings on Scilly remained steady from 1998 to 2018 and have since increased by an average of 40% a year (30% in 2020, 75% in 2021 and 20% in 2022). Management in the IoSIFCA District in 2023 is through a minimum size of 110mm, which was bought into effect in 2020 and a prohibition on landing of berried females. 

This crawfish report is based on catch recording onboard commercial vessels in the Isles of Scilly fleet. Beyond this there is scope to continue onboard catch recording every 3 years, with the aim to increase data on the fishery to develop indicators from which the fishery can be more effectively monitored and managed. 

One local fisherman concluded that there were six key items to take away from the report:

1. Craws take take 7-8yrs to reach 110mm

2. The current ‘boom’ recruitment is first in 40yrs - hopefully the first of many but without trying to manage it that’s a high risk gamble on nature coming up with the goods.

3. Any management needs a clear objective

4. Regular ‘real time’ fisheries monitoring is needed

5. Fisheries management trigger points and limits need to be put in place

6. Future lies in the hands of the fishers - chose boom and bust or demand long time properly managed fisheries

Findings from the IFCA report were then matched against the Seasonal Closure Consultation report:

 

And, from those key findings he concluded that:

The overall objective should be for a co-management approach in which fishermen and regulators are working in tandem with scientists and using knowledge collected to determine whether and what management intervention is required.

Crawfish research over the last two years in collaboration with fishermen provides a first and basic indication that the population is healthy. Catch Per Unit Effort is increasing; there is an even population size distribution and the average size of males increasing by 4mm since 2015. However, average size of females is decreasing and this species is known from history to be vulnerable to sudden declines. Although effort has increased rapidly within the district over the past three years, there are no signs that would indicate effort is unsustainable. However, the study is still at a very early stage and sample sizes are very small to have high confidence in CPUE and size distribution. It is important to note that it is not possible, with two years of data to determine a trend.

Based on this knowledge, it would be sensible to ensure annual onboard research with a target of 20-30 trips a year and to continue to use baited video to replicate our understanding of populations on the ground. Diver surveys have been used in the past, but it would be beneficial to incorporate an additional element to record the sex of individuals.

In collaboration with fishermen, the development of some target indicators or 'warning lights' would be useful - for example if the number of boats or tiers increases by 20%; the number of immature fish declines by 20%; catch per unit effort declines by 15% or the average size of individuals declines by 15%. Any of these would be a point that would initiate meetings with fishermen and IFCA to discuss whether any further measures would be necessary.

Research should aim to achieve a higher rate of sampling over greater time.

It is not only in Cornwall that concern has been raised over the management of the vulnerable crawfishery. An eleven year programme off the Brittany coast and the Il de Sein has come up with similar concerns AND some suggestions for steps taken to reduce the likelihood of a stock collapse such as was witnessed off cornwall in the late 1970s - bearing in mind that it has taken until the early 2020s for the stock to recover sufficiently for it to be fished commercially again. (Ed)

NB All the following has been translated from the original French website.

Red Lobster (Crawfish) Reconquest Program Program

This program was set up at the request of professional fishermen who noted significant catches of juveniles during the winter of 2014. Started in early 2015, the red lobster reconquest program began with actions to mark oversized lobsters caught by professionals. Throughout the year, around forty vessels involved in the program marked nearly 3,000 lobsters along the coastline from Cherbourg to Saint Jean de Luz.


The first results

Thanks to the marking and sampling work carried out by professionals, an initial inventory of the presence of lobsters was able to be carried out. The results show that the red lobster is present throughout its historical distribution area. Of course, some areas historically known for high abundance are now less productive than before. However, it is important to emphasize that the red lobster is currently "recolonizing" all the areas where it was present.

For the moment, a huge number of juveniles (cephalothoracic size less than 11 cm) have been observed and marked.

Concerning the markings, the recapture rate of lobsters is 5%. This rate, which may seem low, is within the norms concerning the captures/recaptures of crustaceans. These first recaptures do not allow us to draw generalized conclusions. However, it was observed that some marked lobsters were relatively sedentary while others, in smaller numbers, had much more significant movements of up to several tens of nautical miles.

Concerning growth, the data collected are still a little low to establish a growth curve. However, for juveniles, we note a growth (cephalothoracic) of approximately 10 mm per moult.

Upcoming work

In 2016, tagging operations will continue with all volunteer vessels that fish for lobster regularly or occasionally.

To better characterize the size classes present in all sectors, volunteer vessels will be able to self-sample all of their catches. The aim of this operation is to achieve a better understanding of the species at different stages of their life and to characterize their habitats.

Work on habitat characterisation using the empirical knowledge of professionals will also be carried out across the entire study area.

Contact Erwan Quemeneur via our contact form by choosing the subject "Tagged species".

From Ile de Sein

Sure! Here are the answers to your questions along with their translations in English.

Summary of the Report

The report presents the advancements of the monitoring program for the Red Lobster (Palinurus elephas) in the marine protected area (MPA) on the Chaussée de Sein after eight years of observation. It highlights a collaborative study involving researchers and institutions, utilizing various methods to assess the abundance and dynamics of the lobster population, while paying special attention to the growth and movement of the species.

Methods Used to Monitor the Abundance of the Red Lobster

To monitor the abundance of the Red Lobster, several methods were initially discussed, including experimental fishing with nets or traps and diving surveys. A standardized protocol was established to ensure that follow-ups were consistent from year to year. The main methods included:

- Net Fishing: Utilized a one-kilometer-long trammel net with a stretched mesh size of 260 mm, which is commonly used by fishermen targeting lobsters. The nets were deployed for 48 hours to measure abundance rather than to maximize catches.

- Trap Fishing: Two campaigns using traps were conducted between 2009 and 2014, though initial traps were found unsuitable for targeting lobsters. The increase in abundance observed with nets prompted a renewed focus on trapping in 2014.

- Diving Surveys: Conducted to complement net fishing, allowing researchers to study individuals not yet visible to the fishery and to access areas not reachable by fishing gear.

Primary Results Regarding the Growth of the Species

The monitoring has shown a steady increase in average abundance per deployment since the start of the program. Notably:

- The average abundance has regularly increased, particularly after the establishment of the MPA, which positively influences the lobster population.

- The report also discusses various aspects of the lobster's habitat and the types of structures that provide shelter, indicating a range of preferred microhabitats for different size classes.

The overall findings suggest that the conservation measures in place have been beneficial for the lobster population, allowing for better growth and sustainability.


The report highlights several findings associated with managing a strong stock of the Red Lobster (Palinurus elephas), which include particular actions taken regarding tagging, size management, and sex distribution:

Findings Associated with Managing a Strong Stock

1. Tagging and Marking:

- All caught or observed lobsters were sexed, measured, and tagged. This process included the use of spaghetti tags and electronic chips, enhancing the ability to track individual lobsters over time.

- Tagging strategies were improved based on research, with marks being inserted in specific locations to minimize loss during molting.

1. Size Management:

- The study observed a clear distinction in the size distribution between males and females. Males typically reached larger sizes, with a peak around 150 mm, while females peaked at around 130 mm.

- Young lobsters (below 110 mm) began appearing in catches from 2011 onwards, indicating a strong recruitment into the fishery, which is essential for stock sustainability.

- Management actions may include returning smaller lobsters or limiting catches to protect juvenile populations, although specific details on returns are not explicitly mentioned.

1. Sex Ratio Monitoring:

- The sex ratio was monitored, showing that larger sizes were predominantly males. This suggests a potential strategy to implement size restrictions that favor the preservation of female populations, as they can be crucial for reproduction.

- The low number of females recaptured poses challenges for assessing female growth, indicating that targeted management practices could help in balancing the sex ratio and ensuring a sustainable breeding stock.

1. Stock Assessment Metrics:

- The analysis of stable isotope ratios in hemolymph helped to understand the trophic positioning of individuals and can guide management decisions regarding habitat protections based on dietary sources.

- Continuous monitoring and assessing size classes of lobsters, especially within the ages of 0 to 3 years, are critical for establishing a long-term monitoring framework to ensure that growth rates and age distributions are optimal.

1. Collaborative Learning:

- The integration of experiences from similar studies in other regions (e.g., Australia) facilitated improvements in methodology and understanding of lobster dynamics, which can inform management actions.

Actions Recommended for Strong Stock Management

- Enhancing Tagging Protocols: Continue using both traditional and electronic tagging to effectively track population dynamics.

- Implementing Size Limits: Consider implementing regulations on size limits for catches to protect juvenile lobsters.

- Maintaining Sex Balance: Develop strategies to ensure a balanced sex ratio, which is crucial for reproduction.

- Increasing Research and Monitoring: Maintain ongoing research to monitor growth rates and establish a robust understanding of population dynamics and habitat requirements.

These findings reflect an integrated approach to managing the stock of Red Lobsters, balancing immediate fishing needs with long-term sustainability goals.

Of course, it could just be that the relevant research was already in existence, we only had to look and then learn!

Read on!

Cornish Crawfish Investigations circa 1971!

Fishing News is looking for a new editor!

Fishing News been the voice of the UK fishing industry since 1913, with an influence and reach that shows this pedigree. The UK’s market-leading commercial fishing newspaper is looking for a new editor to lead the brand’s ongoing and future development. This is a unique and exciting opportunity for the right person to shape the editorial voice of the paper of record for the fishing community.

Roles and responsibilities:

Devise, implement and take forward the brand editorial strategy across print and social media

Be the face of Fishing News to the commercial fishing industry and the wider fishing community, and represent the views of a diverse readership that includes not only fishermen but managers, consultants and politicians whose decisions shape the future of the industry

Develop and maintain excellent relationships with all our stakeholders, who range from inshore single-handed fishermen through to skippers and crew of large deep-sea vessels, gear manufacturers, academics and politicians

In conjunction with the managing editor, co-ordinate the content for each issue, commissioning work from a diverse set of freelance contributors, and ensuring all content is edited and presented to a high standard, to deadline and within budget

Work with the editorial, advertising and publishing teams to develop commercial opportunities across print and online Line management responsibility for the editorial team

Skills and experience:

A knowledge of the commercial fishing industry with comprehensive, broad, relevant industry contacts and relationships

A successful track record in communications and writing skills

A proven ability to be self-motivated and to work independently

The role is based around working from home but does require some travel, as necessary, and the possibility of days at sea across a variety of different fishing vessels. In return, we offer an attractive salary and benefits package.

If you would like to know more about this role or would like to apply, please contact Fiona Mercer at: fiona.mercer@kelsey.co.uk.

Mike's on a mission!

Half way through the neap tide and ythree netters are lined up landing alongside the fish market this fine Monday morning. the Ygraine keen to get away again...

stars of the show this morning, superb tub gurnard...

boxes a-plenty of Dovers...

a few plaice..

and some cracking whiting...

hake form the Stelissa...

Kerry M...

and Celtic Dawn...

more tubs...

and megrim from the Enterprise...

freshly landed...

a decent turbot weighing in at just over a stone in old money...

plenty of pollack on the ground...

a few mackerel...

and the sardines are still coming ashore...

a fine set of monk tails...

all hands help landing the Ygraine...

and the Ocean Pride...

as the Silver Dawn heads back to sea to pick up her nets...

past a few visiting Brixham beamers...

all taking advantage of Newlyn's proximity to the sole grounds at this time of year...

a tidy working deck all set for the next trip...

while the crew on the Steph of Ladram are kept busy overhauling the beam trawls...

doing their bit for the marine environment...

Mike Warner busy making those key or is it quay connections with CJ from Billingsgate Seafood School, on the morning of her first ever visit to the port...

there's a man happy in his cab...

ice taking time for the Ygraine...

as yet another wagin is loaded with the finest Cornish fish...

the big boat is taking fuel...

more pots than you can count...

morning Patch!..

and it's back to sea for the boys on the Ygraine again!